A Level Biology Practice Exam

What is the function of a centromere in cell division?

1. It produces energy for the cell

2. It holds two chromatids together

3. It synthesizes proteins

4. It assists in the formation of ribosomes

The correct answer is: It holds two chromatids together

The function of a centromere during cell division is to hold two sister chromatids together. This region of the chromosome is crucial for the accurate segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. As the cell prepares for division, the centromere ensures that each chromatid remains attached to its partner until the appropriate phase of division, which allows for the equal distribution of genetic material to daughter cells. The other functions mentioned in the options are performed by different cellular structures. Energy production is primarily the role of the mitochondria, proteins are synthesized by ribosomes, and ribosome formation predominantly occurs in the nucleolus, not at the centromere. Thus, the centromere's specific role in maintaining the connection between sister chromatids is vital for proper cell division.